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　　托福写作论题资料：政府类满分资料

　　咱们都知道阔怜的非洲公民饱尝赤贫的摧残。那究竟穷成啥姿态，生活在社会主义和谐小康社会里的咱们真实掏空脑袋都不能想出啥实质性的表达，那么这一期，咱们就来聊聊关于穷的论题。要说一个国家穷仍是富，许多童鞋应当不清楚要用啥样的标尺来描述。就说我国吧，说咱们国家富，如同不合适，说咱们国家穷吧，如同也不合适，这儿屌丝君先给大家脑补一个指数，HDI。那么这究竟是啥，请看：

　　Norway has the highest standard of living in the world and Niger the lowest, according to the UN's Human Development Index. The index takes into account life expectancy and education as well as income per person. South Africa's AIDS epidemic has left it in 120th place in the rankings, despite its relatively high income. The country has fallen 35 places since 1990.

　　本来所谓的HDI就指的是human development index，这个指数综合了一个国家公民的寿数，受教育程度以及人均收入这些要素。上图排在首位的是挪威，毋庸置疑人家的日子过得洒脱;咱们大我国排在了85位，仍需尽力啊;排在最后的是尼日尔，那么为啥这个国家这么悲催呢，请看报导：

　　Niger is once again in the grip of a food crisis, if not a full-blown famine. The distress sales of livestock, the heavy migration and the deprivation the country suffered in the early 1970s have all revisited it again this year. Niger is, by the reckoning of the UN’s Human Development Index, the poorest place on earth. Most of its inhabitants eke out a living growing subsistence crops on small plots of dusty, infertile land. Despite this agricultural bias, the drought-stricken country cannot feed itself, even in good years. An estimated 2.5m people out of a total of 17m have no secure source of food. When harvests fail, which they do almost annually, that number shoots up. In 2012, when the worst of the recent food crises ravaged the Sahel region, almost a quarter of Niger’s population was said to be going hungry, prompting desperate relief campaigns by international donors.

　　看完第一句话咱们就理解了，尼日尔在闹饥馑呀，in the grip of 即是被操控的意思，尼日尔现在整个国家都在被饥馑虐了，牲畜不好卖，许多的人员迁移。尼日尔的公民只能在灰常瘠薄的土地上栽培口粮强保持生计。eke out a living 即是牵强度日的意思，用来描述保守赤贫摧残的大家再合适不过了。在这个旱灾多发的国家，即便在good years熟年，大家也没有满足的食物。尼日尔17oo万人员中就有250万人没有固定的食物来历啊，也即是说这些人吃了上顿没有下顿。那么在灾年的时分，这个没饭吃的人就更多了。这可谓是饥饿暴虐。food crises ravaged the Sahel region...ravage 即是表达蹂躏，破坏的意思，那咱们这个用法就可以总结成： 灾难+ravage+区域。下面咱们接着看一下尼日尔的公民是处在怎样一个水火之中的状况中的：

　　HAOWA was already struggling to feed five children before she gave birth to triplets in the Gabi region of southern Niger 19 months ago. Now, when her babies scream for food she often finds herself helpless. “If they cry and I have nothing to give them, then I must let them cry,” she says, cradling two infants who bear the hallmarks of malnutrition. Their hair is yellowing, their bellies are distended and their expressions glazed. They lack the energy to shake the flies from their faces. It is a dismal but depressingly common picture in west Africa’s largest country.

　　看完这段话第一个赶脚即是本地的孩子太苦逼了，营养不良，肚子肿胀，双眼无神，饿到连把脸上的苍蝇赶开的力气都没有了。可是话说食物这么少，为啥母亲还要生那么多孩子呢。文章中说这位母亲本来养活五个孩子就现已很牵强了，然后这位母亲又生了三个孩子，这不即是add salt on the injuries,落井下石嘛，咱们持续看：

　　This perpetual food crisis is compounded by doggedly high fertility rates. With an average of 7.6 children per woman, Niger has the world’s highest rates. Poverty, ignorance and poor access to contraception are contributing factors, as are cultural issues like competition between wives. Men in Niger tend to be polygamous, and local doctors note that their spouses often try to prove their value by outdoing each other in child births. This contributes to Niger having the highest population growth rate on earth. At current projections, the number of inhabitants will more than triple between now and 2050 to 55m.

　　尼日尔居高不下的人员出生率也是致使绵长饥馑的重要要素。doggedly 表示坚强地，那么doggedly high 即是指居高不下的。尼日尔均匀每个女性生7.6个孩子，这是世界上最高的人员出生率。赤贫加上对避孕的无知现已缺少避孕的路径致使了尼日尔的人员出生率极端地高。但是另一个文化层面的要素咱们也不能或略，即是妻子之间的竞赛。尼日尔是一夫多妻制。也即是多个女性天天围着同一个男子转。那么怎么使自个在老公的别的老婆中胜出呢，这么女大家就靠多生孩子来证明自个的价值，依照这个速度开展，到2050年尼日尔的人员就会增长到5500万。一幅肉少狼多的画面，有木有太美不忍直视了都。

　　说了这么多，那么这些信息咱们要怎么与托福写作联系起来了?信任许多杀托族们都知道独立写作有一类呈现频率很高的标题，那即是关于government该做啥或许做啥对比好的标题，请看可以高度总结这类标题的一道题：Is it more important for government to provide money for the things that are beautiful than things that are practical.，标题中呈现的两个对比的对象是beautiful things 和practical things，这是非常笼统的两个概念，需求咱们将笼统具体化。咱们都知道beautiful things即是美丽的事物，即是为了投合大家心里的美感，说白了即是招供赏识，那么啥人才会闲着没事去赏识某种食物呢，必定不是咱们之条件的这些饿着肚子的尼日尔公民呀，人饿着肚子的时分头晕眼花四肢无力，哪来啥闲情逸致来赏识beautiful things呢，于是乎，关于像尼日尔这么的额国家来说，政府愈加应当做的即是做一些实事来减轻公民疾苦呀，联系上面的资料，咱们来敲一下这个段子：

　　When we think about those poverty-stricken countries, a image of people living in a destitute and dismal life floods into our mind. There are myriads of examples available globally which can shed light on the fact that the miserable life makes people suffer deeply. Niger is, by the reckoning of the UN’s Human Development Index, the poorest place on earth, once again in the grip of a food crisis. Most of its inhabitants eke out a living growing subsistence crops on small plots of dusty and infertile land, as a result of which, the drought-ridden country cannot feed itself even in good years, precipitating the famine to cyclopean dimensions. Moreover, this perpetual food crisis is also compounded by doggedly high fertility rates owing to the local cultural issue making women endeavor to prove themselves by outdoing each other in child births. This gloomy living situation can be best portrayed by the depressingly common picture. The infants, all too often, bear the hallmarks of malnutrition. Their hair is yellowing; their bellies are distended; their expressions are glazed and they even lack the energy to shake the flies from their faces. As a result, their death is brewing. Under such circumstances, in no way should the local governmentclose its eyes to the pliant of its people insomuch as nothing can be achieved unless the government relieve the sparse food supplies. It is a sure bet that there is no better way to augment people’s living condition for those backward countries than to be bound up in practical things.