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　　PARAGRAPH 2

　　In the late 1700s James Watt designed an efficient and commercially viable steam engine that was soon applied to a 1 variety of industrial uses as it became cheaper to use. The engine helped solve the problem of draining coal mines of groundwater and increased the production of coal needed to power steam engines elsewhere. A rotary engine attached to the steam engine enabled shafts to be turned and machines to be driven, resulting in mills using steam power to spin and weave cotton. Since the steam engine was fired by coal, the large mills did not need to be located by rivers, as had mills that used water- driven machines. The shift to increased mechanization in cotton production is apparent in the import of raw cotton and the sale of cotton goods. Between 1760 and 1850, the amount of raw cotton imported increased 230 times. Production of British cotton goods increased sixtyfold, and cotton cloth became Great Britain's most important product, accounting for one-half of all exports. The success of the steam engine resulted in increased demands for coal, and the M consequent increase in coal production was made possible as the steam-powered pumps drained water from the ever-deeper coal seams found below the water table.

　　3、Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2 as a development in cotton mills brought about by Watt's steam engine?

　　The importing of huge quantities of raw cotton by Britain

　　Increased mechanization

　　More possibilities for mill location

　　Smaller mills

　　4、The phrase "apparent in" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　clearly seen in

　　aid in

　　associated with

　　followed By

　　5、According to paragraph 2, what was Britain's most important export by 1850?

　　Raw cotton

　　Cotton cloth

　　Steam-powered pumps

　　Coal

　　6、The word "consequent" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　resulting

　　encouraging

　　well documented

　　immediate

　　7、What is the role of paragraph 2 in the passage as a whole?

　　It explains how by increasing the supply of raw materials from other countries, British industries were able to reduce costs and increase production.

　　It explains how the production of mechanical energy and its benefits spread quickly across countries that were linked commercially with Great Britain.

　　It demonstrates why developments in a single industry could not have caused the Industrial Revolution.

　　It illustrates why historians have assigned igreat importance to the issue of energy in the rise of the Industrial Revolution.

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