托福逻辑阅读法—帮你读懂每句话

辛达托福代报考位：到2016年6月6日上午托福官网没有释放考位，在此提醒广大考生抓紧时间报名，注意自己的考试时间，如对托福报名有任何疑问，欢迎咨询在线客服

　　托福阅览的调查特色是比较明显的，尽管其选文都是科普文或者别的学术性文章，可是却不调查学术概念自身，而将调查要点落脚在多见词汇以及多见表达上。有许多考生关于这一特色并不熟悉，以至于花了许多的时刻在专业概念的识记上，有的时分会发作得不偿失的作用。事实上，与其寻求尽量回忆专业概念以及其布景知识，不如把精力放在语句语法构造的辨认，逻辑联系的辨认上，这更有助于咱们习惯托福阅览的调查，比方以下比如：

　　语句简化题：

　　原文：The structure of the backbone shows, however, that Ambulocetus swam like modern whales by moving the rear portion of its body up and down, even though a fluke was missing.

　　选项：

　　A Even though Ambulocetus swam by moving its body up and down, it did not have a backbone.

　　B The backbone of Ambulocetus, which allowed it to swim, provides evidence of its missing fluke.

　　C Although Ambulocetus had no fluke, its back bone structure shows that it swam like modern whales.

　　D By moving the rear parts of their bodies up and down, modern whales swim in a different way from the way Ambulocetus swam.

　　许多同学关于Ambulocetus，fluke这么的词汇不熟悉，在阅览语句时会呈现思想开裂，全部语句如同被人为拆成了碎片，无法完好阅览，所以将呈现“读不明白”语句的状况。可是当咱们仔细剖析该句，可以发现，这些词汇应当作为专业概念词呈现，理论上不该当是托福阅览调查的要点，那咱们将专业概念词加以辨认，以独自一个字母加以更换后，所以这个语句就变成了这个方式

　　The structure of the B shows, however, that A swam like W by moving RP up and down, even though F was missing.

　　更换后，发现语句简化成了几个字母间的互相发作的动作以及逻辑联系，剩余的这些动词以及逻辑词是咱们多见的词汇。同理，咱们将选项的语句加以化简，以选项A为例，便成了：

　　A Even though A swam by moving its body up and down, it did not have a B.

　　对这两个语句互相进行匹配剖析，可以发现，在骨干上，原文着重的内容是“A swam like W”，而在选项上，着重的内容是 “it did not have a B.”，而“A swam by moving…”是作为退让状语呈现的，并非语句着重的内容。因此不管从语句自身内容来说(选项意思为not have B，原文have B)仍是从语句着重的内容来说(选项要点为A swam like W，选项not have B)都不契合原文，因此判别该选项是搅扰项。因为篇幅要素，在这里就不将剩余的选项都逐个剖析了，请同学们运用这一思路自行完结。

　　从这个剖析便可看出，托福阅览尽管会呈现专业概念，但在实践命题时，却不会调查专业概念的了解，反而将要点放在了语句的动词以及逻辑描述词，请求考生可以把握专业概念的互相逻辑联系，并可以在别的的说法中再现这一逻辑联系。而这恰是咱们平常温习时需求把握的中心阅览才能。

　　那么咱们应当如何完结阅览才能的练习呢?有三个要点需求留意：

　　一是留意积累动词、逻辑描述词，避免当选项中关于这些多见词发作了同义更换时呈现辨认妨碍;

　　二是留意剖析语句成分间的互相逻辑联系，特别是主语与宾语之间;或者从句与主句之间的因果、转机或类推联系。

　　三是留意语句的构造剖析，区别多见的润饰成分如介词短语、从句及非谓语动词，并捉住语句的骨干。

　　只需咱们把握住这么的阅览才能，即便在遇上生疏学术范畴时，也可以在解题时做到挥洒自如，比方以下比如：

　　细节题：

　　原文：Lesley Maynard, the archaeologist who coined the phrase “Panaramitee style,” suggested that a sequence could be determined for Australian rock art, in which a geometric style gave way to a simple figurative style (outlines of figures and animals), followed by a range of complex figurative styles that, unlike the pan-Australian geometric tradition tended to much greater regional diversity.

　　选项：

　　10. According to paragraph 5, the complex figurative style differs from the geometric style in that the complex figurative style

　　varies significantly from region to region

　　is more meaningful

　　appears on only a few types of rocks

　　has changed little overtime

　　题目中再次呈现了非常笼统的专业概念“complex figurative style”以及“geometric style”，那咱们仍是以独自一个字母加以更换后，所以题干就变成了这个方式

　　the C differs from the G in that the C…

　　原文也更换成了：

　　in which G gave way to a S, followed by a range of C that, unlike the G tradition, tended to much greater regional diversity.发现“C unlike G”就是指题干中所示条件“C differs from the G”，其因素实践上是“greater regional diversity”

　　经过同义更换，发现正确答案为A :varies significantly from region to region

　　所以，所谓“读懂”语句，实践上是可以完结语句的构造剖析，找出语句的骨干以及所蕴含的逻辑联系。期望我们都能娴熟的驾驭长难句了解方法，不再惧怕学术话题。