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　托福阅读布景知识/材料之褪黑素，更多托福阅读布景材料/知识尽在新东方在线托福考试频道!

　　褪黑素与我们的睡觉质量密切相关，下面的新托福考试阅读材料要谈论的便是褪黑素有助睡觉的因素。

　　Melatonin, sometimes called “the hormone of darkness,” plays an important role in regulating our daily sleep patterns. This hormone is produced by our bodies and in most organisms melatonin production is higher during the night than during the day.

　　褪黑素，又名黑素细胞凝集素的荷尔蒙，在调理我们平常睡觉规矩中扮演主要人物。人体自身分泌褪黑激素，而且大多数生物夜晚比白日分泌得更多。

　　In addition to their body’s own melatonin, many people take melatonin supplements in an attempt to help them sleep, fight jet lag or balance out seasonal affective disorder.

　　此外，一些人通过体外补偿褪黑素改善睡觉，减轻飞机时差感、平衡季节性心境失调。

　　Melatonin And Memories

　　褪黑素对回想的影响

　　But a study by a group of scientists at the University of Houston suggests that melatonin might have a negative impact on the ability to form new memories.

　　但是，休斯顿大学的科学家们研讨标明：褪黑素阻挠回想构成。

　　The researchers were interested in how the body’s internal clock affects the formation of new memories. They found that small striped minnows called zebra fish learned very well during the day but very poorly at night, when melatonin levels are higher.

　　研讨人员想弄清楚体内生物钟怎样影响重生回想的构成。研讨人员发现斑马鱼白日学习才干极好;夜晚却很差，而夜晚褪黑素分泌旺盛。

　　They wondered if melatonin played a role in learning and memory.

　　研讨人员怀疑褪黑素影响学习和回想。

　　Melatonin And Learning

　　褪黑素对学习的影响

　　They treated zebra fish with extra melatonin during the day, boosting the hormone levels to night-time amounts.

　　白日，研讨人员喂给斑马鱼褪黑素，推动斑马鱼夜晚褪黑素分泌。

　　They discovered that high melatonin did not affect learning per se, but dramatically reduced the fishes’ ability to form new memories, or to remember what they’d learned.

　　研讨人员发现许多的褪黑素没有直接影响学习自身，但是却很大程度地使斑马鱼的回想衰退，斑马鱼不记得学过的东西。

　　Then the scientists inhibited melatonin activity in the fish. They did this by blocking melatonin receptors with inhibitory drugs. The fishs’ melatonin levels were unchanged, but the ability of melatonin to affect the brain was blocked.

　　接着，科学家们克制斑马鱼体内的褪黑素的作用：克制药物阻挠褪黑素受体。斑马鱼褪黑素分泌量没改动，但是褪黑素不能影响不了大脑。

　　Blocking Melatonin

　　阻挠褪黑素

　　With melatonin activity blocked, the ability of the fish to form new memories was drastically improved, even at night.

　　褪黑素的作用受阻，斑马鱼重生回想才干显着改善，夜晚也极好。

　　This research has potential benefits for humans. For example, the use of melatonin receptor blockers could improve performance of night-time cognitive tasks, helping people such as night-shift workers or students cramming for exams.

　　该项研讨带给人类潜在优点。例如，褪黑素受体的阻挠能影响人夜晚的认知才干，那么对于那些夜班工作者和熬夜备考的学生都有所帮忙。

　　以上便是今天的托福阅读材料，许多的托福阅读布景知识堆集对于托福阅读非常有帮忙，不管是英文原版仍是中文翻译版，同学们都可以许多去阅读，熟悉内容即可。