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　　The secret to a successful essay doesn’t just lie in the clever things you talk about and the way you structure your points.

　　To be truly brilliant, an essay needs to utilise the right language. Developing the language skills to build an argument and to write persuasively is crucial if you’re to write outstanding essays every time. In this article, we’re going to equip you with the words and phrases you need to write a top-notch essay, along with examples of how to utilise them – whether you’re a native English speaker or taking your first steps into writing essays in English. 好文章不仅要有靠谱的观点和理由，还要有能够说服对方的语言。本文将为大家详细介绍你在撰写一篇出色的英文文章时所需的40个单词和词组——无论你是否是native speaker，这都将是你学习英文写作的第一步。

　　General Explaining 解释

　　Let’s start by looking at language for general explanations of complex points. 【解释】

　　1. In order to

　　Usage: “In order to” can be used to introduce an explanation for the purpose of an argument.

　　Example: “In order to understand X, we need first to understand Y.”

　　2. In other words

　　Usage: Use “in other words” when you want to express something in a different way (more simply), to make it easier to understand, or to emphasise or expand on a point.

　　Example: “Frogs are amphibians. In other words, they live on the land and in the water.”

　　3. To put it another way

　　Usage:This phrase is another way of saying “in other words”, and can be used in particularly complex points, when you feel that an alternative way of wording a problem may help the reader achieve a better understanding of its significance.

　　Example: “Plants rely on photosynthesis. To put it another way, they will die without the sun.”

　　4. That is to say

　　Usage:“That is” and “that is to say” can be used to add further detail to your explanation, or to be more precise.

　　Example:“Whales are mammals. That is to say, they must breathe air.”

　　5. To that end

　　Usage: Use “to that end” or “to this end” in a similar way to “in order to” or “so”.

　　Example: “Zoologists have long sought to understand how animals communicate with each other. To that end, a new study has been launched that looks at elephant sounds and their possible meanings.”

　　Adding additional information to support a point 并列

　　Students often make the mistake of using synonyms of “and” each time they want to add further information in support of a point they’re making, or to build an argument. Here are some cleverer ways of doing this. 【衔接两个点的时候，不要总是用and】

　　6. Moreover

　　Usage: Employ “moreover” at the start of a sentence to add extra information in supportof a point you’re making.

　　Example: “Moreover, the results of a recent piece of research provide compelling evidence in support of…”

　　7. Furthermore

　　Usage: This is also generally used at the start of a sentence, to add extra information.

　　Example:“Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that…”

　　8. What’s more

　　Usage:This is used in the same way as “moreover” and “furthermore”.

　　Example: “What’s more, this isn’t the only evidence that supports this hypothesis.”

　　9. Likewise

　　Usage:Use “likewise” when you want to talk about something that agrees with what you’ve just mentioned.

　　Example:“Scholar A believes X. Likewise, Scholar B argues compellingly in favour of this point of view.”

　　10. Similarly

　　Usage: Use “similarly” in the same way as “likewise”.

　　Example:“Audiences at the time reacted with shock to Beethoven’s new work, because it was very different to what they were used to. Similarly, we have a tendency to react with surprise to the unfamiliar.”

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