托福独立写作的常见问题与应对技巧

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　　托福独立写作标题相对而言比较多，经典文库中合计185个，可是每年ETS也会研制出新题，即便是在老题的根底做少许的改动，母题的数量也使得“将一切标题写一遍”这一使命变成mission impossible，而且即便做到了，也是一件出资回报率极低的行为，就算考试的时分出现了原题，估量也不也许回忆一切之前写的细节内容。所以对于独立写作有些的备考咱们要更多的总结规则，经过总结来节约备考时刻。TOEFL独立写作多见FAQ收拾如下：

　　三选一题型怎么处理

　　很多同学不知道三选一的文章构造应当怎么处理。这儿本来三选一并不杂乱，只需求熟记两个留意点就能够轻松应付：一是三者都要提及；二是并没有仅有的准确构造，构造应当根据标题灵敏的挑选。咱们来看一道例题。

　　Essay Topic

　　Which one isthe most important for teacher of high school?

　　1. The ability to help students plan for their future;

　　2. The ability to find the students who need help most and help them;

　　3. Teach students how to learn outside the classroom.

　　就这道题来讲，题型根本构造的挑选有两种：三项才能都主要，可是榜首项最主要；或许，榜首项是主要的，而第二项和第三项是不主要的。别的的文章构造都是这两种的变体。咱们拿第二种构造举例：

　　总观点：计划将来才能最主要（vs. 发现需求协助的同学 &教会自学）

　　主体段1：学生最需求计划，而只有教师有才能供给

　　主体段2：发现需求协助的才能不主要，由于学生自个会来找

　　主体段3：课外自学不主要，高中生没有课外时刻

　　The ability to help student with planning their future is definitely the most important capability for high school teachers.

　　To begin with, high school students are in desperate need for guidance about their future, and teachers are the only competent candidate to provide it. I know this from my personal experience. When I was in high school, a great portion of my classmates’ only goal is to reach for the minimum requirement for graduation, and to be able to get an offer from a middle-ranged college in the US, as all 15-year-old boys are profoundly addicted to either computer games or love affairs. Because of our immature mind, we had no idea regarding the choice of universities, or the selection of a future career path. What made matters worse is that our high school teachers provided us with virtually zero guidance concerning our college applications, not because they lack of the intention, but simply because they know nothing about it. Consequently, the vast majority of our parents had to hire an outside agency that specializes in the college application process which costs tons of money. Later we realized that this is an utter mistake, for what they did was simply giving us the timeline of the application process, translating our personal statements and recommendation letters from Chinese into English, and finally mailing out all our materials to the US. All of these simple tasks could be performed by ourselves, and these misfortunes surely could have been avoided if we had the luck to meet more competent teachers, with the ability to warn students and their parents about the black-hearted agencies and lay out lucid plans for students’ future.

　　The capability to find the students who need assistance most and help them, on the other hand, is not that imperative. The reason for this is quite simple, since high school students would come to teachers voluntarily if they are in serious trouble. In other words, many times students don’t want to be bothered by a teacher who treats them like a baby-sitter. As for the “help” part, I firmly hold the faith that all teachers are already equipped with the willingness to solve student’s problem gladly, using their prehistoric powers, no matter how difficult the situation can be. So the willingness to help students should be the minimum standard to be qualified as a teacher.

　　Similarly, the skill to teach students how to learn outside the classroom is completely unnecessary. For one, most high school students have no time outside their classrooms at all, as all their spare time is already occupied by cram school or by extracurricular activities. Even in the rare circumstance that some students may have free time, parents could always play the part of their instructor on how to self-study.

　　本篇文章在构造的处理上，做到了明晰、简略。榜首个主体段在证实榜首项才能是十分必要的。第二、三主体段在别离证实第二、三项才能是不主要的。全部阶段构造很清晰。这么会更简略取得高分。咱们要留意防止构造过于杂乱和紊乱。

　　怎么丰厚整篇文章的构造？

　　先说答案：另外一个咱们常常会有疑惑的疑问即是：我的三个主体段全部都是讲故事，如同办法太单一了，会不会被扣分？怎么丰厚？答案是：有也许；以及，偶然的运用纯解说型阶段。尽人皆知，TOEFL写作中打开办法有两种，exemplification和explanation。例子显然是二者中更简略的一个。因而，大有些同学都更倾向于运用例子。由于它更简略迅速上手，而且咱们能够经过举例来打开具体化的细节，然后取得高分。但留意，假如三个主体段全部是讲故事打开，不免会有言语太差的嫌疑。因而，除了例子，咱们文章中最佳能够略微涉及到一些说理有些。

　　举例和说理别离的优势？

　　咱们如今能够重新调查一下范文三个主体段的打开办法。三个主体段总共444字。其间榜首段259字，第二段116字，第三段69字。榜首段的打开办法为例子（讲故事），第二、三段均为解说。咱们显着感受到例子的优势即为能够更轻松的打开出有用并具体化的细节，或俗称“好凑字”。解说的优点为言语简练，表达效率高，文章的递进性、节奏会更紧凑。

　　举例和说理别离的下风？

　　例子在TOEFL写作中并无太显着的下风。解说的下风就比较显着了。相同的一个分观点，有的同学用例子能够很轻松写到200字，而解说只能说到100字。有的同学也许有个呆板印象：讲故事的言语一般比较简略，句式单一，因而不简略得高分。留意，讲故事言语和句式也是能够杂乱的；或许咱们能够挑选简略但地道的表达，可相同能够取得满分。

　　答题战略、以及举例和说理的优劣小结

　　因而咱们今后考场上的答题战略很简略。榜首段为例子阶段。意图为用力凑字，尽量直接写满200字。第二、三段能够挑选简略的小故事或许解说性阶段，别离写到60～100字左右。这么主体段已经到达最少320字，再加上最初结尾段，能够轻松满意350字的字数请求。

　　怎么练好说理？

　　说理对言语和句式的请求要显着高于例子。因而一定要有厚实的根本功的支撑才能够写出美丽的说理阶段。对于句式的练法，能够参阅强化班上的句型根本构成以及句型转化操练。

　　怎么练好例子？

　　例子的套路咱们都很了解。很多同学的疑问出在没思路上。比方，一道标题问说：咱们的闲钱应当拿去旅行好，仍是存到银行好？有同学说，存起来非常好，由于能够未雨绸缪。这是一个极好的分观点，那么怎么以例子的办法来打开呢？有同学说能够运用反证法：我有一个兄弟Foosen，他就不存钱，后来他就死的很惨。用此例来强调存钱的必要性。大有些同学都能够想到这一步，疑问会处在怎么用故事来打开死的很惨，以及什么事情致使Foosen死的很惨。咱们来看一篇来自万炜教师的范文：

　　To begin with, as a young man living in a big city, I need to start saving up from now on, because there are a lot of things in the future costing tons of money. Take my good friend Foosen for example. He is an optimistic guy who prefers to seize the day. He can spend all his salary within just two days either on luxuries or on trips. Before he was even 22, he already went around the whole Africa. Unfortunately, not everything goes according to plan. Last year during his trip to South Africa, he accidentally broke his leg and had to go through surgery. However, since he could not cover the expense, he had to call everybody to borrow money. It took so long for him to collect the money that the surgery was delayed. As a result, the recovery period for him was 2 months longer than everyone else’s. Now, this example might be a particular instance, and it is out of his expectation. Nonetheless, in today’ssociety, even the potential spending within our expectation is already quite worrying. For instance, in Beijing, if I wish to purchase a 30-squaremeter apartment, it would cost me over 3 million yuan; if I want to invite, say, 20 friends to my wedding, I would have to pay over 200,000 yuan; not to mention if I have a child and want to support his education, it would cost at least 50,000 yuan per year just for him to go to kindergarten. It aches mejust to look at these horrifying numbers. If I don’t save up for my future, there would be no future. (275 words)

　　故事描绘了主人公Foosen，由所以乐天派而且坚持活在当下，进而打开月光、全世界各地旅行；到以后有一次意外摔断腿，需求做手术，但没有存钱，然后致使恢复期比普通人长了两个月。大有些的同学即是这些故事的“细节”想不到，或许没思路。怎么解决？很简略，即是多看。由于讲故事并没有一个显着的模式或公式能够运用。According to a Personalized Education: Schooling for Tomorrow published by OECD in 2006, “Brains have the ability to generate rulesfrom examples. All that is needed, therefore, are the right examples – lotsand lots of them.”本来即是咱们中学教师总的说的那句话，“量的积累产生质的腾跃。”咱们想练好例子，只需求找到优秀的讲故事型范文，仿写10篇左右，自然会把握规则。对于仿写的办法，咱们能够重视我的大众号”Foosen资料库”进一步了解。