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　　基本规律 (Basic rules)

　　1. Indefinite article (不定冠词)

　　当我们不知道他是诸多人或事中的哪一个时，我们用 “a（an）”。

　　* is one of many.( 是许多个中的一个)

　　He is an artist.(there are many artists)

　　* is not unique.(不是唯一的)

　　I have just bought a book.

　　* has not been mentioned before.(之前没有提到过)

　　There was a new student in class today.

　　2. Definite article (定冠词)

　　我们用“the”，当我们知道他是诸多人或事中的哪一个。

　　* is unique (or unique in that context)(是唯一的)

　　The Australian Prime Minister.(=there is only one)

　　I looked inside, the engine was in a terrible state.(=there is only one  engine, in this case)

　　* has been mentioned before.(之前提到过)

　　The man gave me a ticket. I looked at it, and saw that the ticket was a  single.

　　* is defined by the phrase which follows it.(要被接下来的短语详细说明)

　　What is the new student's name?

    经常发生问题的区域(Areas that often cause problems)

　　1. Jobs(工作)

　　如果有许多人做这个工作我们用a或an：

　　My husband is an architect.(=there are many architects)

　　但是如果一个工作特别对应一个人，我们就要用“the”了：

　　He is having talks with the French foreign minister(外交部长).(=there is only  one)

　　2. Superlative (最高级)

　　我们使用“the”在形容词最高级前面：

　　She is the best person for the job.

　　3. Last and next

　　有一些形容词如“last”“next”同时可以用也可以不用定冠词“the”但是句意会发生变化：

　　I saw James last night.(=the one before this one)

　　It is the last night of our holiday.(=the fanal one)

　　I will see you next week.(=the one after this one)

　　4. Institutions: school, prison, university, church, home, hospital

　　和以上机构连用时我们不用定冠词“the”：

　　My sister had to stay in hospital overnight.

　　然而，如果我们指的是这个建筑，我们就要用“the”：

　　Our flat is opposite the hospital.

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