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　　262. When water is scarce (as is often the case on a mountain) , lichens  may become dormant and remain in that condition for prolonged periods of  time.

　　The word "prolonged" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) precise

　　(B) extended

　　(C) approximate

　　(D) regular

　　263. For decades, scientists wondered how the offspring of an alga and a  fungus got together to form a new lichen; it seemed unlikely that they would  just happen to encounter one another.

　　The word "encounter" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) lose

　　(B) support

　　(C) meet

　　(D) create

　　264. Newbery notwithstanding, Americans still looked on children's books as  vehicles for instruction, not amusement, though they would accept a moderate  amount of fictional entertainment for the sake of more successful  instruction.

　　The word "notwithstanding" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) in spite of

　　(B) in addition to

　　(C) as a result of

　　(D) as a part of

　　265. As the children's book market expanded, then, what both public and  publishers wanted was the kind of fiction Maria Edgeworth wrote: stories  interesting enough to attract children and morally instructive enough to allay  adult distrust of fiction.

　　The word "allay" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) clarify

　　(B) attack

　　(C) reduce

　　(D) confirm

　　266. The characters of children in this fiction were serious,   conscientious, self-reflective, and independent --- strong>testimony to the  continuing influence of the earlier American moralistic tradition in children's  books.

　　The word" testimony to" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) inspiration for

　　(B) evidence of

　　(C) requirement for

　　(D) development of

　　267. The Moon, which has undergone a distinct and complex geological  history presents a striking appearance.

　　The word "undergone" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) altered

　　(B) substituted

　　(C) experienced

　　(D) preserved

　　268. It is now known that the vast majority of the Moon's craters were  formed by the impact of solid bodies with the lunar surface.

　　The word "vast" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) special

　　(B) Known

　　(C) varied

　　(D) toeflat

　　269. The term "latent heat" refers to the energy that has to be used to  convert liquid water to water vapor.

　　The word "convert" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) mix

　　(B) change

　　(C) adapt

　　(D) reduce

　　270. In the atmosphere, a large portion of the Sun's incoming energy is  used to evaporate water, primarily in the tropical oceans.

　　The word "primarily" in the line 19 is closest in meaning to which of  following?

　　(A) chiefly

　　(B) originally

　　(C) basically

　　(D) clearly

　　271. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting  in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.

　　The word "ultimately" is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) exceptionally

　　(B) dramatically

　　(C) eventually

　　(D) unfortunately

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