托福写作词汇要活学活用

辛达托福代报考位：到2016年12月25日上午托福官网没有释放考位，在此提醒广大考生抓紧时间报名，注意自己的考试时间，如对雅思报名有任何疑问，欢迎咨询在线客服

　　英文写作反映考生归纳运用英言语语的才干，只要在微观和微观两个方面都掌握得当才干构成一篇完美的TOEFL作文。这儿的微观是就一篇文章的框架构造而言的，而微观是指一篇文章的语篇要素，即文章中表达意义的微观单位，包含单词、短语和语句。语篇要素运用的纯熟，能极好地反映一个人的言语涵养，精确的用词、多元化的句式构造以及精妙得当的修辞会使整篇文章熠熠生辉，极富感染力。TOEFL作文考试作为一种言语测验方法，其要点在于考察考生的英言语语水平，对语篇要素的掌握在写作TOEFL作文的进程傍边无疑是至关重要的。娴熟恰本地运用语篇要素会令你的作文妙笔生花，与众不同。

　　语词的挑选

　　写作中用词不精确是很简略犯的毛病，good，terrible，see，nice，kind，greatly，think，know，something等词汇在学生作文中重复呈现。这些词自身并没有疑问，是英语常用词，可是它们表达的意思过于含糊，许多情况下，应当运用意义愈加精确的词。何况，学生老是运用这几个词会给人以表达形式单调，词汇量匮乏，文章缺少感染力的形象。下面的一些比如，经过换用一、两个精确生动的词语或是运用一些固定调配及习语就使全部语句增色不少。

　　1.Original: Solving trivial problems in the dorm will add your social experience and help you to understand other people’s feelings and learn to be kind.

　　Revised: Solving trivial problems in the dorm will enrich your social experience and help you to understand other people’s feelings and learn to be considerate.

　　亮点分析

　　add，kind表达的意义都对比广泛。add可以指数量上的添加，也可以指程度的加强，关于“丰厚经历、添加知识”这个意思，用enrich会使表达更精确。kind从字面意义上讲是“好的、仁慈的”，用kind来形容人无法详细地表现出一个人的性格特征究竟怎样，原句中是想表达“考虑周到、无微不至”的特色，要精确表达这个意义应挑选considerate。

　　2. Original: Science and technology have greatly influenced our lives and our society is changing very rapidly.

　　Revised: Science and technology have come to pervade every aspect of our lives and, as a result, society is changing at a speed which is quite unprecedented.

　　亮点分析

　　greatly，rapidly归于常用词，标明程度高、速度快，这么的词在表达效果上不行详细，缺少说服力，在修改后的语句中用了pervade every aspect of our lives就详细生动地表现出科技的影响力究竟有多大，其影响力已渗透到咱们日子的方方面面，at a speed which is quite unprecedented意为“以一种史无前例的速度”，形象地道出了改动速度之快。

　　3. Original: Young people tend to think that real life is as nice and interesting as it is in the novels and movies, while more experienced adults think this kind of naive daydream will only be destroyed by later experiences and every one should learn to get used to common everyday life.

　　Revised: Young people tend to think that real life is as dramatic and fascinating as it is in the novels and movies, while more experienced adults think this kind of naive daydream will only be destroyed by later experiences and every one should learn to get used to tedious everyday life.

　　亮点分析

　　nice，interesting，common都归于通常词汇，用到语句中也显得平平苍白。nice的意思是“好的，令人开心的”，interesting是“有趣的”，这两个词都不能精确地描绘出年轻人所神往的美好日子，句中想表达的是年轻人认为日子好像小说、电影通常充溢戏剧改动，激动人心，要表现这层意义应当用dramatic，fascinating。dramatic标明“影响的，戏剧性的，给人深入形象的”，fascinating标明“具有激烈吸引力的，诱人的，使人颠三倒四的”，这两个词的程度要比nice，interesting深得多，表现力也更强。原句用common表达实践的现实日子的单调无味是不精确的，common的意思是“通常的，平常的”，通常平常的东西纷歧定是单调的，tedious是标明“(因过长、过慢或单调)令人厌倦的，烦人的”，恰好传达呈现实日子因为琐碎和重复而变得索然寡味这种意义。

　　4. Original: You should compete to live in this society.

　　Revised: You should compete for survival; otherwise, you will be thrown out of the tide of society.

　　亮点分析

　　原句平平平淡，仅仅通知人们要在社会安身，有必要竞赛，但这么一句简略的劝说好像缺少说服力，修改后的语句用了compete for survival，为了生存而竞赛，并且后边又添加了一个并列分句，弥补阐明了假如不compete的结果就是be thrown out of the tide of society，被社会的浪潮所淘汰，运用这些愈加详细深入的词汇可以形象生动地表现出竞赛的惨烈。

　　5.Original: I really believe that smoking is harmful to people’s health.

　　Revised: I have a profound conviction that smoking is harmful to people’s health.

　　亮点分析

　　conviction的意思是“坚决的观念或崇奉”，have a profound conclusion标明对某种观念深信不疑，作文中提出观念的语句用have a profound conclusion会比用believe态度更坚决，态度更明显，并且believe这个词十分简略，是英语初学者就应掌握的词汇，换成have a profound conclusion立即添加了语句的杂乱程度，表现了较强的言语运用才干。相似的提出观念的表达还有：

　　I hold a point of view that…

　　I hold the opinion that…

　　6.Original: We know that sometimes success is measured by how much money you earn.

　　Revised: It does not surprise us to discover that sometimes success is measured in terms of the money you earn.

　　亮点分析

　　如上句的believe相同，know也是十分初级的词汇，作文中呈现I believe that…，I know that…这么的表达只能表现考生写作技巧的幼嫩，用It does not surprise us to discover that…更换We know that…并没有改动原句的意义，却使全句登时增添了亮点。

　　7.Original: We all know that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply.

　　Revised: It goes without saying that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply.

　　亮点分析

　　同上例相同，know这么的初级词汇应防止在作文中运用，It goes without saying that…是一个固定构造，意思是“……是显而易见的”，常在作文中用来引经据典或标明一个尽人皆知的道理，相似的表达还有：

　　An old saying goes that…

　　Proverb goes that…

　　It is universally acknowledged that…

　　It is generally accepted that…

　　8.Original: Some other people think that people should read extensively.

　　Revised: Another position says that people should read extensively.

　　亮点分析

　　同know，believe相同，think也应当尽量防止运用，修改后的语句中是用Another position says that…代替think提出另一种观念，也可以用hold a point of view，hold the opinion这么的短语更换。

　　9.Original: The unexpected win of the match give us confidence.

　　Revised: The unexpected win of the match boost our confidence.

　　亮点分析

　　give也归于英语中最初级、最基本的词汇，只标明“给，给予”这个动作，不触及动作的性质和状况，若标明增添信心，增强士气，对比地道的说法是用boost confidence/morale，如：The change of management has boosted morale throughout the company. 管理模式的改动使全部公司上下士气倍受鼓舞。

　　10.Original: The use of drugs has increased greatly in the last ten years.

　　Revised: The use of drugs has increased significantly in the last ten years.

　　亮点分析

　　greatly是通常用语，标明程度高，“很，十分”，运用相当遍及而没有新意，在写作中应尽量防止运用这些浅显而又陈腐的词汇，应换用一些愈加正式，更有说服力的词语，例如significantly标明达到了十分重要的或可观的程度，“重大的，可观的”，可以详细阐明药品运用方面，增长幅度无穷。significantly还可以更换成considerably，tremendously等，同样具有不错的表达效果。