托福听力科学美国人60秒文本


时间:2016/7/11
作者:辛达托福代报名小编
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科学美国人60秒文本及音频下载内容如下:

  Women Candidates Face Implicit Bias Hurdle

  女性候选者所面临的隐性偏见

  “In general, even those who purport to have very egalitarian view or even feminist views of the world, when they were taking this test, it’s called the Implicit Association Test…people are struggling to really associate women with leadership words.”

  一般而言,即使声称支持平等观点甚至支持女权主义的人,当他们在谈论此测试时,这个测试叫内隐联想测试,人们也对女性和领导才能词汇之间的关联非常纠结。

  Political scientist Cecilia Hyunjung Mo of Vanderbilt University. She measured what’s known as the implicit bias of some 400 study participants. When they saw an image of a man, the subjects were more likely to pair that picture with words like “president” and “executive.” But when they saw a female, they chose words like “assistant” and “aide.”

  Cecilia Hyunjung Mo 是范德堡大学的政治科学家,讲述了上述言论。她对越400参与人员进行了隐性偏见的研究。这些实验对象在看到男性的图片时,更倾向于将图片和“总统”“主管人员”等类似的词汇相组合。但是当他们看到女性的图片时,他们则倾向于选择“助理”“助手”这样的词汇。

  Mo then asked the volunteers how they would vote in two-person races. Those who were least likely to associate images of women with words associated with leadership “often chose the male candidate over the female candidate when I intentionally set it up so that the two candidates were equally qualified…and sometimes I made the women slightly more qualified.

  Mo之后询问了这些志愿者们在两人的竞赛中如何投票。那些几乎很少将女性的图片与领导才能等这些词汇相关联的人,在两位候选者资历相同,甚至我可以增加了女性实力的情况下,投票给了男性候选人。

  The association was a little weaker so that that qualification did help her, but not as much as I would have hoped. And if I made the male candidate slightly more qualified then he sort of overwhelmed people’s preferences. They were actually explicitly saying, yes, I’m happy to have a female president but simultaneously they were struggling on this test to really see a woman as a leader and that was translating to candidate preferences.”

  在关联性较弱的情况下,这些资历的确帮助了女性,但是没有达到我所预期的结果。但是,如果我把男性候选者的实力稍微增加,毫无疑问,他会赢得人们的青睐。而这些人会这样说,我非常希望有一位从女性总统,但是他们在测试中真的看到女性领导人时,会非常的纠结,这就可以理解为对候选人的偏见。



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