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　Note-taking in the Independent Task

　　该有些请求考生就某一自个了解的话题论述自个的观念。一类疑问是自在答复间题(Free-choice Response)，如：If you could have any job in the world, what would it be? Use details to support your. response;另一类是挑选类疑问(Paired-choice Response)，如：Do you like to try new kinds of food or eat the same kind of food all the time? Use details and examples to support your response,预备时刻为15秒，答复疑问时刻为45秒。疑问会被朗诵出来，且一起出如今屏幕上。考生可以不必理睬电脑的朗诵，敏捷阅览完疑问。这么可以争夺大约5秒，那么在这大约20秒内，考生可在草稿纸上敏捷记下自个所要表达的要害信息。这儿记笔记的办法为“TST表格”。TST ( Topic-Supporting ideas--Transitions)意思是考生须在草稿纸上用一到两个词写下欲表达的Topic(主题)，Supporting ideas(分观念)和Transitions(信号词)。下面试举一例：

　　Question:

　　Where would you want to be professionally in ten years? Use details to support your response.

　　考生应敏捷在纸上写下“own bus...”、“master”、“work com...”、“start”等信息见以下TST( Topic—Supporting ideas—Transitions )表格。

　　Topic statement: own bus... (I would like to own my own business)

　　Supporting ideas: ( How I will work toward owning my business)

　　* master (Will get master's in business )

　　* work com... (Will work in company while planning my business)

　　* start (Will start my own business when I am ready)

　　Transitions: 10 next because 3 within 10 y (可用y替代 years)

　　Sample Answer

　　In ten years I would like to win an import business of my own. Next year, I will be starting a master's program in business with a specialization in entrepreneurship. I will be getting this degree because I hope to start my own business and make it successful some day. After I finish my master's degree three years from now, I will most likely take a position in another company for a few years to make some money and to spend some time planning my own business. Within ten years, I hope to own my own company and be on the way to making it a success.

再举一例：

　　Question:

　　Sometimes students have to write papers. Sometimes they have to give oral presentations. Which activity do you think is better for students, and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.

　　考生应敏捷在纸上写下“pap”、“strong read write exams”、“more time think deeply”等信息。见以下TST( Topic—Supporting ideas—Transitions )表格：:

　　Topic: pap (writing papers is better for students)

　　Supporting ideas: (Why writing papers is better)

　　* strong read write exams (need strong writing skills for reading and writing and prepare for exams)

　　* more time think deeply (show understanding for more time to explain and think deeply)

　　Transitions: firstly because, so also

　　Sample Answer

　　I think writing papers is better for students. Firstly we need to develop strong writing skills. We go to school mainly to learn reading and writing, so we need a lot of practice. Examinations require a lot of writing, so writing papers is good reparation. Also, I think writing is a better way to show that I understand. When I write a paper, I can think deeply because I have more time to explain my ideas.

　　为了给读者更多时机操练运用“TST表格”，特供给一下6个疑问供咱们操练。

　　弥补操练：

　　1. Describe a place that you consider to be beautiful. Explain why certain qualities of this place make it beautiful. Include details and examples to support your explanation.

　　2. Some people relax by staying home. Others relax by going out. Which type of relaxation is better for your and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.-

　　3. Describe an occasion when you were surprised. What happened to you, and why did you feel surprised? Include details and examples in your explanation.

　　4. Some students prepare for tests by studying alone. Others prepare for tests by studying with other students or a tutor. Which study method do you think is better, and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.

　　5.What type of home would you like to live in? Describe the characteristics of such a home and explain why you would like to live there. Include details and examples in your explanation.

　　6. Some people exercise early in the morning. Others exercise in the afternoon or evening. Which time of day do you think is better for exercising and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.

　　Note-taking in the Integrated Tasks

1. Reading—Listening—Speaking

　　第3题和第4题以试题中的阅览和听力资料为根底，请求考生答复有关疑问。即Reading-Listening-Speaking，具体步骤是首要请求考生在45秒内阅览一篇短文，一般只含一个阶段，随后短文隐去，播映一段与短文有关的对话或讲堂讲演，其长度大约为1分半钟(比listening section中的资料篇幅要短)。最终，请求考生依据从前阅览的短文和所听到的资料答复有关疑问，考生有30秒钟的预备时刻，然后进行60秒钟的答复。而第5题和第6题请求考生先听一段听力资料，然后答复有关疑问。即Listening-Speaking,听力资料一般有一段是情形对话，另一段是讲堂讲演，其长度大约为1分半钟。

　　考生有20秒钟的预备时刻，之后进行60秒钟的答复。在归纳白话使命里，你所需求记笔记的内容即是在读短文和听资料的过程中记下资猜中的“main points”、“examples”、“reasons”等等。.而是否能很快辨认“信号词”(Signal Words)变成其间的要害。“信号词”(Signal Words或Transitions)是咱们用来“追寻”说话人的思路的词汇，它就像“路标”相同指引着旅行者的方向。有了信号词，咱们就知道说话人何时要举比如，何时要下结论，何时要解说因素等等。

　　1)留心一些信号词

　　2)在阅览(Reading)短文时做笔记

　　在第3和第4题中你会碰到两篇阅览短文，你所需求记笔记的内容即是在读短文的过程中记下资猜中的“main point”以及“examples”和“reasons”等等。切忌写下过多的细节，或为了记笔记而疏忽了中心思想。见下例(留心加黑处的信号词)：

　　Isaac Asimov

　　Isaac Asimov (1920-1992) was an amazing author who wrote an astounding amount of material on an even more astounding variety of subjects. His literary studies included line-by-line analyses of all of the play of Shakespeare; his historical research included works on the history of Greece, the Roman Empire, England, and France; he also wrote well-researched tomes on physics, chemistry, and astronomy. What he is most likely best known for today, however, is science fiction: his Foundation series on a galactic empire inspired by Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire and the / Robot series about a future society where humans and robots coexist. In total, Asimov wrote more than 500 books on this wide variety of subjects.

　　从信号词咱们知道：

　　TOPIC OF READING PASSAGE: author Isaac Asimov

　　Main points about Asimov：

　　* wrote a huge amount of material (more than 500 books);

　　*wrote on a wide variety of topics (literary analysis, history, physics, chemistry, astronomy, science fiction)

　　以下是两篇阅览短文，请敏捷辨认出其信号词，并做出笔记：

　　3)在听对话或讲座时做笔记(Listening)

　　在听讲座或对话时，你需求重视首要观念(major points)以及为了支持其观念所运用的比如(examples)和因素(causes)

　　Listening Passage:

　　(Professor): Now I'm sure you're all wondering how Asimov managed to write so much. Well, the simple answer's that he did almost nothing except writing because that's what he was driven to do.

　　Asimov's normal routine was to spend time, a lot of time, writing every day. He usually got up at 6 o'clock in the morning; he was at work writing by 7:30 in the morning, and he wrote until 10 o'clock in the evening. That's a lot of time to spend writing. This desire to spend so much time writing prompted Asimov himself to say "Writing is my only interest. Even speaking is an interruption."

　　TOPIC OF LISTENING PASSAGE: how Asimov wrote so much

　　Main points about topic:

　　* Asimov wrote from 7: 30 in the morning to 10 o'clock in the evening.

　　* Asimov said, "Writing is my only interest."

　　4)结合笔记，最终开口(Speaking) 以上咱们讨论过怎么在读文章和听资料时做笔记，如今咱们已经具有两份笔记，可以开端答题了，不过答题曾经，需求清晰以下几点：

　　*你的预备时刻为30秒，答复时刻为1分钟，答复须一起包含所听的资料和所读文章中的信息;

　　*在答题时不要触及个人观念，不要说例如“I think”之类的话。你的答复应当只是跟所读的文章和所听的资料有关。

　　*在Reading-Listening-Speaking有些中，可能会问你以下几个向题：

　　复述对话中所触及到的一个观念

　　总结说话人得出某个观念的因素

　　描绘听力资猜中教挽谈及的疑问

　　解说听力资料与阅览资料的联络

　　*此有些的评分标准

　　听力和阅览资猜中提炼出有关信息

　　用听力和阅览资猜中的恰当细节和观念答题

　　观念表达前后连接共同

　　表达清晰易懂

　　*在30秒钟的预备时刻中，请有必要仔细阅览疑问的题干，听完资料后查阅阅览资料和听力资料的笔记，提炼首要观念和说出支持观念的2～3个分观念。

　　*答复时刻为1分钟，时刻应当彻底够用。语速适中，牢记不要着急，请留心时刻，你有20秒来打开每一个分观念。

　　*表达有必要连接共同，契合逻辑次序，恰当运用Signal Words, 如下：

　　*如欲介绍两个资猜中的首要观念：

　　The man's opinion is that...

　　The woman believes that...

　　According to the lecture...

　　The professor made the point that...

　　The reading states that...

　　备考建议

　　词汇预备：树立流通表达所需求的词汇，尤其是信号词。信号词的恰当运用会使你的表达更诚畅，更连接。

　　发音预备：进步发音的一起，尤其要首要单词重音和语音语调。

　　录制预备：将自个的声响录下来，听一听有什么疑问。

　　笔记预备：平常多听、多看大学讲座、纪录片和英语新闻，边听边做笔记，尽量捉住资料的主题

　　以上即是小编为咱们总结的托福白话考试中的备考建议，期望给每一位考生一个非常好地操练托福白话的路径。假如你想了解更多有关托福听力、写作、阅览记笔记的办法，可以电话咨询咱们的托福教师，咱们将会在线给你发送一份详细的疑问和有关学生的实例，期望可以帮助到你备战托福考试。